Aston Martin has installed a third gearbox on the single-seaters of its two drivers, Lance Stroll and Fernando Alonso. It is the only team to install new gearboxes this weekend.
« The gearbox casing and cassette used are one of the five new gearbox casings and cassettes allowed for the 2024 season of the Championship, in accordance with Article 29.2 of the Formula 1 2024 Sporting Regulations. » The commissioners detailed about Alonso and Stroll.
Therefore, as it stands, there will be no penalty for the two drivers. Indeed, the regulations provide for the use of up to 5 different gearboxes throughout the season.
Note that Pierre Gasly (Alpine), Kévin Magnussen (Haas), and Charles Leclerc (Ferrari) all had installed gearboxes beyond quota for free practice sessions 1 and 2. The regulations allow drivers to use gearboxes beyond quota during free practice sessions.